December 4, 2023

Treatment for degenerative scoliosis

Degenerative scoliosis is a condition that affects the curvature of the spine. It occurs as a result of degenerative changes, such as the wear and tear that naturally happens to the spine over time. Treatment options for degenerative scoliosis aim to relieve symptoms, improve function, and prevent further progression of the condition. In this article, we will explore the various treatment approaches for degenerative scoliosis and discuss their effectiveness.

Understanding degenerative scoliosis

Degenerative scoliosis, also known as adult scoliosis, is a condition that typically occurs in individuals aged 40 and above. It is characterised by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, which can result in pain, stiffness, and loss of mobility. Unlike other forms of scoliosis that often develop during childhood, degenerative scoliosis is a consequence of the degenerative changes that occur in the spinal discs and joints over time. As the spinal discs lose their elasticity and height, they contribute to the abnormal curvature of the spine.

Degenerative scoliosis can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life. The pain and stiffness associated with the condition can make it difficult to perform daily activities, such as walking, standing, and even sitting for extended periods. The loss of mobility can also lead to a decrease in overall physical fitness and an increased risk of developing other health issues.

What is degenerative scoliosis?

Degenerative scoliosis is a complex condition that involves multiple factors. In addition to the degenerative changes in the spinal discs and joints, other factors can contribute to the development and progression of the condition. These factors include muscle imbalances, poor posture, and abnormal spinal alignment. Over time, these factors can further exacerbate the abnormal curvature of the spine and increase the severity of symptoms.

It is important to note that degenerative scoliosis is different from other forms of scoliosis, such as idiopathic scoliosis, which typically develops during adolescence. While idiopathic scoliosis is often caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, degenerative scoliosis is primarily a result of the natural ageing process and the wear and tear on the spine over time.

Causes and risk factors

Several factors contribute to the development of degenerative scoliosis. Ageing is one of the primary risk factors, as the natural ageing process leads to the breakdown of spinal discs and the development of arthritis in the facet joints. As the discs lose their ability to absorb shock and provide cushioning between the vertebrae, the spine becomes more susceptible to degenerative changes and abnormal curvature.

In addition to ageing, other risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing degenerative scoliosis. A family history of scoliosis can play a role, as certain genetic factors may predispose individuals to the condition. Previous spinal injuries, such as fractures or dislocations, can also contribute to the development of degenerative scoliosis. Furthermore, certain medical conditions, such as osteoporosis and spinal stenosis, can weaken the spine and make it more susceptible to degenerative changes.

It is important for individuals who are at risk of developing degenerative scoliosis to be aware of the signs and symptoms associated with the condition. Early detection and intervention can help manage symptoms and prevent further progression of the abnormal curvature. Seeking medical advice and undergoing regular check-ups can ensure that any changes in the spine are identified and addressed in a timely manner.

Symptoms of degenerative scoliosis

Degenerative scoliosis can cause various physical symptoms that vary in severity from person to person. It is important to understand the potential impact of this condition on an individual's daily life and overall well-being.

Physical symptoms

One of the primary physical symptoms of degenerative scoliosis is back pain. This pain can range from mild discomfort to severe and debilitating. It may be localized to the affected area or radiate to other parts of the body.

In addition to back pain, individuals with degenerative scoliosis may experience muscle stiffness. This stiffness can make it difficult to move freely and can contribute to feelings of discomfort and limited mobility.
A noticeable curvature of the spine is another common physical symptom of degenerative scoliosis. This curvature can vary in severity and may be more pronounced in some individuals than others. It can affect posture and overall body alignment.

Referred pain is also a possible symptom of degenerative scoliosis. This type of pain radiates down the legs or arms and can be a result of nerve compression or irritation caused by the spinal curvature. It can cause additional discomfort and limit mobility even further.

Furthermore, degenerative scoliosis can lead to muscle weakness in the affected area. This weakness can make it challenging to perform everyday tasks that require strength and stability. It can also contribute to a loss of balance and coordination.

In some cases, individuals with degenerative scoliosis may experience numbness and tingling sensations in the extremities. This can be a result of nerve compression or irritation due to the spinal curvature. These sensations can be bothersome and affect the individual's overall comfort.

Impact on daily life

The symptoms of degenerative scoliosis can significantly impact a person's daily life. Simple tasks, such as walking or standing for prolonged periods, may become challenging and painful. The physical limitations caused by the condition can also affect mental health, leading to decreased overall well-being and quality of life.

For example, individuals with degenerative scoliosis may find it difficult to participate in physical activities they once enjoyed. This can lead to feelings of frustration, isolation, and a decreased sense of self-esteem. The pain and discomfort associated with the condition can also interfere with sleep, further impacting an individual's daily functioning and overall mood.

Furthermore, the physical limitations caused by degenerative scoliosis can affect a person's ability to perform essential tasks, such as household chores or work-related activities. This can result in increased reliance on others for assistance and a loss of independence.

It is important for individuals with degenerative scoliosis to seek appropriate medical care and support. Treatment options, such as physical therapy, pain management techniques, and assistive devices, can help manage symptoms and improve overall quality of life. Additionally, emotional support and counselling can be beneficial in addressing the psychological impact of the condition.

Degenerative scoliosis can cause a range of physical symptoms that can significantly impact an individual's daily life and overall well-being. Understanding these symptoms and seeking appropriate care is crucial in managing the condition and maintaining a good quality of life.

Diagnosis of degenerative scoliosis

A thorough medical history and physical examination are essential in diagnosing degenerative scoliosis.

Medical history and physical examination

During the examination, the healthcare provider will assess the curvature of the spine, check for signs of muscle weakness or abnormal sensations, and evaluate the range of motion in the spine and limbs. The medical history will include questions about the duration and intensity of symptoms, previous injuries, and family history of scoliosis.

Imaging tests

Imaging tests, such as X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or computed tomography (CT) scans, are often used to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the extent of the spinal curvature. These tests provide detailed images of the spine, allowing healthcare professionals to determine the severity of the condition and plan an appropriate treatment strategy.

Non-surgical treatments

Non-surgical treatments are usually the first line of management for degenerative scoliosis.

Physical therapy and exercise

Physical therapy plays a crucial role in improving strength, flexibility, and overall function. Targeted exercises can help relieve pain, reduce muscle imbalances, and improve postural alignment. Additionally, physical therapy may involve manual therapy techniques, such as massage and joint mobilisation, to alleviate discomfort and restore joint mobility.

Pain management techniques

Pain management techniques, such as medications, epidural injections, and nerve blocks, can provide temporary relief from the symptoms of degenerative scoliosis. These interventions are particularly beneficial for individuals experiencing significant pain or when other conservative treatments have not been effective. Nevertheless, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate pain management approach for each individual case.

Surgical treatments

In severe cases of degenerative scoliosis or when non-surgical treatments fail to provide sufficient relief, surgical intervention may be necessary.

Decompression surgery

Decompression surgery aims to alleviate pressure on the nerves and spinal cord. During the procedure, the surgeon removes any bone spurs, thickened ligaments, or herniated discs that may be compressing the nerves or spinal cord. By decompressing the affected areas, this surgery can help relieve pain and improve overall spinal function.

Spinal fusion surgery

Spinal fusion surgery is a more extensive procedure that involves fusing two or more vertebrae together. This fusion creates a solid bone mass, stabilising the spine and reducing the abnormal curvature. Spinal fusion surgery may also involve the use of metal rods, screws, or cages to provide additional support during the healing process. While spinal fusion surgery aims to correct the spinal deformity, it may limit the individual's range of motion in the fused segments.

The treatment approach for degenerative scoliosis varies depending on the severity of the condition and the individual's symptoms. Non-surgical treatments, such as physical therapy and pain management techniques, are often effective in providing relief and improving function. However, in more severe cases, surgical intervention, such as decompression surgery or spinal fusion surgery, may be necessary to alleviate pain and correct the spinal deformity. Consulting with a healthcare professional is crucial in determining the most appropriate treatment plan for degenerative scoliosis.

Detailed procedures information:

Lumbar Laminectomy: understand the intricacies of Lumbar Laminectomy, a surgical procedure aimed at relieving pressure on spinal nerves in the lower back. Our page provides a thorough breakdown of the procedure, recovery process, and what patients can expect.
Lumbar Discectomy: learn the benefits and process of Lumbar Discectomy, a surgical intervention to treat herniated discs in the lumbar region. Learn about the procedure's effectiveness, potential risks, and post-operative care for a speedy recovery.
Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty: get informed about Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty, minimally invasive procedures used to treat painful, fractured vertebrae. Our resource offers a detailed look at how these techniques provide pain relief and improve mobility.